If you have tooth decay, your dentist may recommend dental fillings. However, it can be difficult to know which type of filling is best for you. Dental amalgam and composite resin fillings are two of the most popular types of fillings, and each has advantages and drawbacks. In this blog post, we will explore the differences between amalgam vs composite fillings to help you make a more informed decision about which one is right for you.
Difference Between Amalgam vs Composite Fillings
We will compare dental amalgam vs composite resin fillings in terms of composition, aesthetics, durability, and cost.
Composition
Dental amalgam fillings, also known as silver fillings or metal fillings, are a metal alloy, containing silver, copper, tin, and mercury. This mixture creates a strong and durable dental filling that can withstand chewing forces. Some people are concerned about the mercury content in amalgam fillings. However, the American Dental Association (ADA) asserts that amalgam fillings are safe for most patients.
On the other hand, composite resin fillings, also known as white fillings, are made up of a blend of plastic resins and glass filler materials. Composite material can be color-matched to your teeth, making them more aesthetically pleasing than amalgam fillings.
Aesthetic Difference
As mentioned earlier, composite resin fillings are tooth-colored fillings and can be matched to the natural color of your teeth. This makes them a more aesthetically pleasing and preferred choice for many patients.
Amalgam fillings have a silver or gray color and are highly visible when you open your mouth. This may be a concern for patients who prefer a more natural smile. Amalgam fillings are commonly used for the treatment of caries in posterior teeth, but can’t be used for anterior teeth as it doesn’t provide the aesthetic appeal required for visible areas.
Durability of Amalgam vs Composite Fillings
Amalgam fillings have been used for over 150 years and are known for their durability. They can withstand heavy chewing forces and last 10-15 years with proper dental care, making them a reliable choice for filling cavities in posterior teeth.
Composite fillings, on the other hand, are less durable than amalgam fillings and typically last for 5-7 years with proper care. Because the composite resin material is not as strong as metal and can wear down over time, you may need to replace composite resin fillings more frequently compared to amalgam fillings.
Cost
The cost of amalgam and composite resin fillings can vary based on factors such as location, dentist expertise, and the size of the dental filling needed. Generally, dental amalgam is less expensive than composite fillings because they use cheaper materials and require less time to place.
Composite tooth fillings require more time and skill to place, which makes them more costly. However, if appearance is a concern, composite fillings may be worth the extra cost.
Safety
One of the main concerns when it comes to dental fillings is safety. Amalgam tooth fillings contain small amounts of mercury, which can be toxic in high doses. However, according to the American Dental Association and other health organizations, the levels of mercury used in amalgam fillings are considered safe for most people.
Composite fillings, on the other hand, do not contain any mercury and are considered a safer alternative by some patients. However, they may contain small amounts of BPA (bisphenol A), which is a controversial chemical that has been linked to health issues in some studies.
Amalgam vs Composite Fillings: Which One is Better?
When it comes to choosing between dental amalgam and composite fillings, there is no clear winner. Each dental filling material has advantages and drawbacks, and the best choice will depend on individual factors, such as the location of the tooth, your budget, aesthetic preference, and personal preferences.
Advantages & Drawbacks of Dental Amalgam Fillings
Advantages:
- Highly durable and long-lasting dental fillings, especially for posterior teeth
- Generally more affordable and often fully covered by dental insurance plans
- They require less precision and time to place, making it a quicker procedure
Drawbacks:
- Contain mercury, raising concerns about potential health and environmental impact
- Require the removal of more healthy tooth structure during placement
- Have a bad reputation due to its metallic appearance and potential allergic reactions in some patients
- Do not match the natural tooth color.
Advantages & Drawbacks of Composite Fillings
Advantages:
- Blend seamlessly with the natural tooth structure, offering an attractive appearance and preserving a natural smile
- They require less removal of healthy tooth structure compared to amalgam fillings
- Free from mercury, reducing environmental and health concerns
- Preferred for anterior teeth due to their aesthetic advantage over amalgam
- They can be used for anterior and posterior teeth
Drawbacks:
- Generally more expensive and may not be fully covered by dental insurance plans
- Less durable for high-pressure areas like posterior teeth, potentially requiring more frequent replacements
- Placement is more technique-sensitive and time-consuming
It’s always best to discuss your options with dental professionals and make an informed decision based on your
Caring Tips for Dental Amalgam & Composite Resin Fillings
Proper care for dental amalgam and tooth-colored composite resin fillings is essential to maintain their longevity and protect adjacent teeth. Professional dental cleanings play a crucial role in maintenance.
Schedule regular visits to your dentist to ensure that any potential decay in tooth enamel around the fillings is detected and treated early. Additionally, your dentist can assess the condition of your tooth fillings during these appointments, addressing any wear or damage before it leads to tooth cavities or other complications.
At home, maintaining good oral hygiene practices is vital for dental amalgam and composite resin fillings. Brushing twice a day with fluoride toothpaste and flossing daily help prevent tooth decay around the dental fillings.
Avoid using your teeth as a tool to open packages, bottles, or other items, as this can cause unnecessary stress and damage to the tooth’s natural structure and dental restorations. Such actions can lead to chipping, cracking, or extensive damage to the teeth and dental restorations, resulting in recurrent tooth decay, tooth fracture, and even tooth extraction due to extensive damage.
Composite resin fillings, in particular, may require extra care to prevent staining from foods and beverages like coffee. By following these care tips, you can ensure the longevity of your dental fillings and the overall health of your permanent teeth.
Amalgam vs Composite Fillings – Conclusion
Dental amalgam and composite fillings have their advantages and drawbacks. Amalgam fillings are known for their durability and affordability, while composite fillings offer a more natural appearance. Ultimately, the best choice for filling cavities depends on aesthetic preferences, the tooth location, budget, and individual preferences.
Consult with dental professionals to determine the best option for your specific case. Regardless of the type of filling chosen, it is crucial to maintain good oral hygiene and regular dental check-ups to prevent further tooth decay and maintain good oral health.
